The Oxford Handbook of China Innovation provides a contemporary and authoritative view of the role of innovation in China’s extraordinary emergence. The Handbook consists of chapters written by over sixty experts from universities and research institutions worldwide, who describe and analyze this phenomenon with criticism, discussion of policy issues, and views about further development. It focuses on the microeconomic factors in China’s growth, of which the critical force has been the steady drive for innovation. It identifies the many factors instrumental in the development of innovation and evaluates those that are specific to China’s context, and those applicable to other nations. The scope of topics is comprehensive, covering China's development policies, the place of innovation in national priorities, the components of the national innovation system, and the resources required for their effective deployment. These include the institutions and policies that provide incentives and support to technological development, including people, financial mechanisms, private ownership, rule of law, and culture. The issue of foreign influence is also addressed, including the evolution of policy toward inward foreign direct investment and knowledge transfer and China’s goals for outward foreign direct investment. The chapters include discussion of the capabilities and strategies of world-class Chinese innovators, together with emerging issues such as environmental remediation, green energy, digital innovation, open innovation, mass innovation, and China’s future science and technology policy. As China emerges as a contender for global leadership in many fields, this Handbook provides a foundation for informed conjecture regarding the challenges ahead.

Guided by the national strategy of “Made in China 2025,” China has established a top-down program of encouraging champions. The case studies in this chapter are devoted to three hidden champions in China, selected from a larger group. Our analysis shows how late-comers have developed and become leaders of niche markets. They teach different lessons in business specialization, innovation, and business models, and provide insights concerning company growth in the context of a developing economy.

The 13th NOCMAT Conference continued to provide a forum where researchers, governmental and non-governmental agencies could introduce their research results concerning innovations in the field of low-cost energy-saving materials which are renewable and locally available: such as bamboo, soil fibers and cement alternatives. Also covered were technologies which make use of such non-conventional materials as natural fibers and agricultural and industrial residues in a more cost-effective, durable, environment-friendly, energy-efficient and sustainable manner.

This volume builds upon the 2019 International Bamboo Construction Competition (IBCC 2019) from the Concepts to the Realized Pavilions. Several designed projects are described, and particular attention is devoted to the realized prototypes. It also presents the Bamboo Eye, an important example of architecture realized by INBAR for the 2019 Beijing Horticultural Expo. As such, the volume provides an overview of the use of bamboo poles and engineered bamboo products for temporary and normal constructions, and represents a compact review of the applications of bamboo poles and/or engineered bamboo products in the construction industry. This book will be of interest for researchers, architects and structural engineers in field of bamboo constructions.

Bamboo materials are well available in the world. Bamboo has much shorter maturity than trees, thus can be harvested with shorter cycles of plantation. Despite the fact that human society has a long history of using bamboo, there is still a lack of modern and industrialized application of bamboo materials in construction. Promoting the application of bamboo in construction could provide a potential solution to the sustainable, green and environment-friendly development of construction industry.

Fast-growing and local to some of the poorest communities in the tropics and subtropics, bamboo holds huge potential for climate change mitigation, innovative construction and job creation, but the material is rarely used for more than simple construction and household use. Modern Engineered Bamboo Structures collects the papers presented at the third International Conference on Modern Bamboo Structures (ICBS2018, Beijing, China, 25-27 June 2018). The overarching theme of the book is nhancing Cooperation for Green Development through Bamboo Contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals The contributions focus on how to realize bamboo huge potential in a number of areas: sustainable commodity production, disaster-resilient construction, poverty alleviation, climate change mitigation and adaptation, land restoration and biodiversity protection. Modern Engineered Bamboo Structures recognizes bamboo various benefits, and aims at ministers, policymakers and representatives from research institutes, development organizations, NGOs or UN bodies and the private sector.

Bamboo is in the spotlight as a potential building material in the current pursuit of a CO2-neutral society, due to its rapid maturation and excellent mechanical properties. Despite the growing interest in bamboo in academia and society, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the fabrication, design and construction processes using bamboo as a modern industrial material. This is the first book to describe a new category of structural systems constructed with engineered bamboo. It gives a definition of engineered bamboo (glubam) in an analogy with steel structures and wood structures. Structural systems and components have been designed using glubam; then industrialized production processes of glubam are described. Based on state-of-the-art research, design guidelines are suggested, in a comparable and parallel approach to the existing guidelines for composite wood structures. The book also discusses bamboo structures in the context of sustainable development, including the benefits of using bamboo as an alternative or replacement for wood, especially for developing countries, many of which are faced with the lack or destruction of forest resources.

Quantum mechanics is playing an intriguing role in the area of nanotechnology, from atomic level to solid state systems. It is leading to new multidisciplinary research directions and, as a result, new devices and breakthroughs in the fields of engineering and biosciences. The concepts of quantum mechanics have been proven theoretically, numerically and experimentally. Schrödinger equation is one of the fundamental equations to model and simulate the quantum effects. It is a well established fact that Maxwell equations have been proven to be robust, accurate and efficient when modeling and simulating micro- and macro-devices. In this chapter, we first show how time-dependent Schrödinger equation can be coupled with time-dependent Maxwell equations to account for quantum effects that can embellish the classical electromagnetic phenomena. Following this, we apply different numerical methods to solve the above coupled equations to simulate problems associated with different applications in different domains.

The classical N-body problem consists of analyzing the state of a system of N interacting bodies, where the force exerted on each body in the system results from its interaction with all the other bodies in the system. There are typically O(N2) operations necessary to compute theforces involved. In solving Singular Surface Integrals (Boundary Element Method, Method of Moments), we encounter a similar problem: Discretizing the underlying surface integrals, and, thus, introducing N unknowns, we generally need to compute a large number of interactionsr equiring O(N2) operations. Thereby, the interaction coefficients depend on the relative Euclidean distance between the interacting elements in a rather complicated form. Hierarchical tree-structured algorithms have been developed to reduce the complexity of computations. The key to the majority of standard fast algorithms is the availability of potential functions in factorized form, which are obtained by applying the so-called Addition Theorem. A question arises as how to proceed if a factorized form is not available, or cannot be easily constructed. It is the prime purpose of this work to present a general recipe for factorizing potential and field distribution functions without utilizing the Addition Theorem.

Based on the author's extensive research, this book sets forth tested and proven electromagnetic modeling and simulation methods for analyzing signal and power integrity as well as electromagnetic interference in large complex electronic interconnects, multilayered package structures, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards. Readers will discover the state of the technology in electronic package integration and printed circuit board simulation and modeling. In addition to popular full-wave electromagnetic computational methods, the book presents new, more sophisticated modeling methods, offering readers the most advanced tools for analyzing and designing large complex electronic structures.