本书对制造业多价值链协同数据空间的理论与设计方法进行了系统性的研究，并以北京清畅电力技术股份有限公司作为对象进行应用情况的分析和验证。本书首先对制造业多价值链协同数据空间进行定义，设计制造业多价值链协同数据空间体系架构，研究数据空间内部相关数据处理方法及关键支撑方法。在此基础上，利用数据空间管理设计方法和系统架构，构建制造业多价值链协同数据空间知识引擎，设计制造业多价值链协同数据空间管理引擎和管理平台。最后进行应用实践，辅以案例以便读者更好地吸收、掌握使用方法。

This chapter mainly discusses recent advances made in general assembly strategies for rational organization of semiconductor nanowires into well-ordered arrays and further integrating these architectures to functional devices. Progress toward nanowire device assembly and integration based on different interactions and/or directed forces, including flow-assisted alignment, Langmuir–Blodgett technique, bubble-blown technique, electric/magnetic field-directed assembly, contact printing, and chemically/biologically driven assembly, is presented. These methods show great potential in organization of nanowires with controlled orientation, alignment density, and spatial position onto various device substrates, which are ultimately necessary for fabrication of future-generation electronics, optoelectronics, sensors, bioelectronic interfaces, and energy conversion and storage systems.

A highly useful tool for studying lncRNAs is simultaneous RNA–DNA FISH, which reveals the localization and quantitative information of RNA and DNA in cellular contexts. However, a simple combination of RNA FISH and DNA FISH often generates disappointing results because the fragile RNA signals are often damaged by the harsh conditions used in DNA FISH for denaturing the DNA. Here, we describe a robust and simple RNA–DNA FISH protocol, in which amino-labeled nucleic acid probes are used for RNA FISH. The method is suitable to detect single-RNA molecules simultaneously with DNA.

The interest in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and often more precisely vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) is steadily growing with many new applications, and even anticipated support in the emerging 5G networks. Particularly in outdoor scenarios, there are different mechanisms to make the mobile nodes aware of their geographical location at all times. The location information can be utilized at different layers of the protocol stack to enhance communication services in the network. Specifically, geographical routing can facilitate route management with smaller overhead than the traditional proactive and reactive routing protocols. In order to achieve similar advantages for radio resource management (RRM) and multiple access protocols, the concept of virtual cells is devised to exploit fully distributed knowledge of node locations. The virtual cells define clusters of MANET nodes assuming a predefined set of geographically distributed anchor points. It enables fast response of the network to changes in the nodes spatial configuration. More importantly, the notion of geographical location can be generalized to other shared contexts which can be learned or otherwise acquired by the network nodes. The strategy of enhancing communication services by shared contexts is likely to be one of the key features in the beyond-5G networks.

Proportional damping is usually assumed in modal analysis for civil structures. However, this model may not capture the true dynamic characteristics of structures, e.g., when damper is introduced to suppress the vibration. In this condition, it is better to use the non-proportional damping model, which results in the more general complex modes. This paper aims at developing a fast-maximum likelihood estimation of complex modes when only structural output data are available. Starting with the state space representation, a frequency-domain probabilistic model is first formulated to model the structural ambient vibration. Modal parameters are then identified by employing the principle of maximum likelihood estimation, and the expectation-maximization algorithm is applied. An efficient and numerically robust implementation is provided so that the operation can be done in seconds. The modal identification of the Guangzhou TV tower is used to illustrate its performance to the practical civil structures.

The use of waste and byproducts as recycled and manufactured aggregates in concrete affects significantly mechanical behavior, with different impacts depending on the peculiarity of each recycled component. Thus, realizing concrete mixtures with alternative aggregate types might influence different concrete properties at the same time, i.e., specific weight, compressive and tensile strength, elastic properties, which impact on masses and stiffnesses that characterize the structural response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Further on, the intrinsic heterogeneity of recycled materials might result in a different response of structural elements, too. Among all the byproducts that may be used, in this chapter, the effects of adopting electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) as aggregate in structural concrete are illustrated, showing some successful real-scale applications. Additionally, a case study is presented, to comparatively compute the structural reliability of a code-conforming reinforced concrete (RC) framed structure realized with EAF and reference concrete, made with natural material only.

Advanced Traffic Management and Information Systems (ATMIS) are widely used ITS applications nowadays for freeway and urban traffic operation and management. Developed relating on real-time traffic condition, though, they are not guaranteed to be effective in future operation periods and need to be put into short-term traffic flow scenarios for particular investigation. A process named non-OD driven simulation based on a microscopic simulator, PARAMICS, is proposed in this paper as the key technology to construct such traffic scenarios. Speed control, an incident management strategy, is put into the simulation under the predicted traffic scenario for evaluation. The evaluation results are compared to those under static the traffic flow scenario.

Point-of-care technologies (POCT), defined as "the testing performed near or at the site of a patient with the result leading to a possible change in the care of the patient" by ISO 22870:2006, are transforming the healthcare system. With the growing global aging population, healthcare cost is becoming a huge burden for human society. IVD/POCT sensors can play an important role in alleviating this urgent social issue. First, they provide medical test and even therapy near the patient, saving the time and cost for commuting to hospitals. Second, with more frequent and even continuously test, more precise and even earlier diagnosis can be achieved, which further reduces the required treatment and gives doctors more information to determine more appropriate therapies. POCT sensors demand miniaturized devices and cheaper equipment. Micro/nanofabrication uses mass-production manufacturing methods to produce miniaturized sensors, which later can be packaged and fitted into a small equipment[1]. In this chapter, we will introduce the main microfabrication and nanofabrication techniques for POCT sensors.

Light-emitting diodes based on halide perovskite semiconductors have gained recognition as a strong candidate for next-generation display and solid-state lighting applications. In this chapter, an overview of the basic designs, operating principles, and main challenges for perovskite LEDs is presented. It begins with a discussion on the most representative device configurations, including those from the early days of development to that used in state-of-the-art devices. Next, the general principles governing the operation of perovskite LEDs and considerations for achieving high-efficiency devices are discussed. These include how internal quantum efficiencies (IQEs) are maximized through the elimination of bulk and interfacial nonradiative recombination losses and the possibilities for breaking the limits of external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) through optical outcoupling strategies. Following this section, we discuss some of the remaining challenges in the field, including the operational instability of devices, as well as the unsatisfactory performance of blue and reduced-toxicity perovskite LEDs. Some of the notable research works in these directions and suggestions for future research are presented.

ADP-ribosylation is a protein post-translational modification that is critically involved in a wide array of biological processes connected to cell stress responses. Enzymes known as poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) catalyze the addition of the ADP-ribose units to amino acids with various side chain chemistries. In particular, the PARP family member PARP1 is responsible for the modification of a large number of proteins and is involved in initiation of the DNA damage response, although the mechanisms through which PARP1 functions are still incompletely understood. The analysis of protein ADP-ribosylation is challenging because PARylation is a low-abundance, labile and heterogeneous protein modification. Recently, we developed an integrative proteomic platform for the site-specific analysis of protein ADP-ribosylation on Asp and Glu residues. Herein, we describe the method, and demonstrate its utility in quantitative characterization of the human Asp- and Glu-ADP-ribosylated proteome.