Recent advances in nucleic acid analysis and detection with microfluidic and nanofluidics

Microfluidic- and nanofluidics-based nucleic acid sensing and analysis have become of interest to the public, especially during the current COVID pandemic. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive review of recent research dedicated to the advances of nucleic acid analysis and detection including various polymerase chain reaction platforms, isothermal target amplification methods, and emerging amplification-free methods, such as optofluidics sensing, electrochemical sensing, thermal sensing, and advanced microscopy for label-free DNA/RNA analysis. The future advancement and prospects of nucleic acid analysis are also discussed.